laos capital

Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. The Pha That Luang Temple in Vientiane, Laos. [155] The National University of Laos is the Lao state's public university. [140], Laos has made particularly noteworthy progress increasing access to sanitation. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. What Is the Capital of Laos? It consists of an irregularly round portion in the north that narrows into a peninsula-like region stretching to the southeast. Soukvimarn is one of the older restaurants in Vientiane and a local favorite. As of 2011[update], Nhn Dn ('The People') and the Xinhua News Agency are the only foreign media organisations permitted to open offices in Laosboth opened bureaus in Vientiane in 2011. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, Vientiane is a city steeped in legend and history. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. [47] Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped two million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly equal to the 2.1million tons of bombs the US dropped on Europe and Asia during all of World War II, making Laos the most heavily bombed country in history relative to the size of its population; The New York Times notes this was "nearly a ton for every person in Laos". More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. Laos's first French-written and monarchical constitution was promulgated on 11 May 1947, and declared Laos an independent state within the French Union. Overall, the country extends about 650 miles (1,050 km) from northwest to southeast. With an estimated population of 760,000 in 2015, the city is also the most populous in the nation. [19][20][21][22][23] In the Lao language, the country's name is Muang Lao () or Pathet Lao (), both of which literally mean 'Lao Country'. [122] Rice dominates agriculture, with about 80% of the arable land area used for growing rice. 6, "Seventy Years of Anarchy", in. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. [131] In 2019, the UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights conducted an official visit to Laos and found that the country's top-down approach to economic growth and poverty alleviation "is all too often counterproductive, leading to impoverishment and jeopardising the rights of the poor and marginalised. Capital: Vientiane. However, villages far from major roads can be reached only through unpaved roads that may not be accessible year-round. [1] These earliest human migrants are Australo-Melanesians associated with the Hoabinhian cultureand have populated the highlands . The streets are lined with trees, French colonial buildings, street markets, Buddhist temples, and noodle shops. "Last month, they the authorities told us they're going to . Laos will . Pakse is the capital and most populous city of Champasak Province in Southern Laos. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. Today, French has a healthier status in Laos than the other Francophone nations of Asia and about 35% of all students in Laos receive their education in French, with the language being a required course in many schools. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. [35] Anouvong was taken to Bangkok as a prisoner, where he died. According to linguistic and other historical evidence, Tai-speaking tribes migrated southwestward to the modern territories of Laos and Thailand from Guangxi sometime between the 8th and 10th centuries. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . [150] Languages like Khmu (Austroasiatic) and Hmong (Hmong-Mien) are spoken by minorities, particularly in the midland and highland areas. The city is the home of the massive gilded stupa, Pha That Luang, a national symbol of Laos. Gunderson, Steve (18 May 1996) "State Department Outlines Resettlement Guidelines for Hmong Refugees". [61] According to the October 2007 UNODC fact book Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia, the poppy cultivation area was 15 square kilometres (5.8sqmi), down from 18 square kilometres (6.9sqmi) in 2006. [81] Debate on the issue escalated quickly. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. [14] It is a one-party socialist republic, espousing MarxismLeninism and governed by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, under which non-governmental organisations have routinely characterised the country's human rights record as poor, citing repeated abuses such as torture, restrictions on civil liberties and persecution of minorities. Laos's first expressway, the VientianeBoten Expressway, parallels both Route 13 and the BotenVientiane railway; the first section from Vientiane to Vang Vieng was opened in 2020, with other sections under construction. For other uses, see, , "Peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity", Independence and Communist rule (1953present), The State respects and protects all lawful activities of Buddhists and of followers of other religions, [and] mobilises and encourages Buddhist monks and novices as well as the priests of other religions to participate in activities that are beneficial to the country and people, Sanda Simms, ch. Visiting Vientiane, Laos, elicits such a diversity of opinions from travelers, it's often hard . The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. Fa Ngum was born into the royal family in Muang Sua, the capital of a small state ruled by King Souvanna Khampong. Calculating U.S. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. [183] Since the start of the league, Lao Army F.C. [143], The term "Laotian" does not necessarily refer to the Lao language, ethnic Lao people, language or customs. [citation needed], According to estimates, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand as a consequence of governmental repressions. From the river bank inland, the three main roads run parallel to the river, while the . [128] As of 2021, despite cheap hydro power available in the country, Laos continues to also rely on fossil fuels, coal in particular, in the domestic electricity production. ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) Policy Brief Series, No 7. 1353 - Lan Xang (Million Elephants) Kingdom, founded in the 14th century by Fa Ngum. In 1899, Vientiane became the capital of the French protectorate of Laos, which ensured further development in the city. [100], Ostensibly, the Constitution of Laos that was promulgated in 1991 and amended in 2003 contains most key safeguards for human rights. "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. [76] As many as 200,000 Hmong went into exile in Thailand, with many ending up in the US. [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. Supply of foreign exchange has in the past been limited in Laos, which imposed a de facto limit on repatriation of capital. Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai, "Let's hope Laos hangs on to its identity", "Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Northern Thailand: Archival Anecdotes and Village Voices", Creating Laos: The Making of a Lao Space Between Indochina and Siam, 18601945, "Laos Encyclopdia Britannica Overview", "Making More Enemies than We Kill? They were the indigenous inhabitants of northern Laos. [138] Two new lines connecting with Vietnam, namely the VientianeVng ng and SavannakhetLao Bao railways, are also under planning, in line to meet the Laotian government's vision of becoming a land-linked nation. Authorities in Laos have reported a significant Covid-19 outbreak near the notorious Kings Romans casino, whose Chinese owner is accused by the United States of trafficking people, wildlife and drugs. [34], Chao Anouvong was installed as a vassal king of Vientiane by the Siamese. Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. [145] The Lao belong to the Tai linguistic group[146] who began migrating south from China in the first millennium CE. Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. [47][52] Laos was requested in 1979 by Vietnam to end relations with the People's Republic of China, leading to isolation in trade by China, the United States, and other countries. A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. [165] The 2017 documentary feature film Blood Road was predominantly shot and produced in Laos with assistance from the Lao government, it was recognised with a News and Documentary Emmy Award in 2018. [13] After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. Vientiane is the capital and largest city in Laos. [139]:8 Songthaews are used in the country for long-distance and local public transport. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. [171], As of 2018, Laos has three theatres dedicated to showing films.[172]. Vientiane is located at 17.9757, 102.6331, at an elevation of 570 ft. During World War II, the city was briefly captured by Japan, but quickly recaptured by the French. This land area is approximately 59% of the area of California. [102][103], However, the government of Laos frequently breaches its own constitution and the rule of law, since the judiciary and judges are appointed by the ruling communist party. 4 min. [48], Some 80million bombs failed to explode and remain scattered throughout the country, rendering vast swaths of land impossible to cultivate. 900-1300 AD - Most of Laos is subordinate to the Khmer Empire at Angkor. Muay Lao is an ancient martial art practiced throughout Laos, but mainly in the capital of Vientiane. France remained in de facto control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy. According to the International Monetary Fund, as of 01.01.2020, they amounted to USD 1.128 million. [141] Laos's predominantly rural[142] population makes investing in sanitation difficult. Vientiane, the capital city of Laos in the 1990s. [63], Laos is divided into 17 provinces (khoueng) and one prefecture (kampheng nakhon), which includes the capital city Vientiane (Nakhon Louang Viangchan). Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. Jaew can refer to any type of dipping sauce, of which Laos has a never ending abundance. Laos's strategies for development are based on generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours, namely Thailand, China and Vietnam, as well as its initiative to become a "land-linked" nation, as evidenced by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours. Five of them were arrested and subsequently sentenced to up to 10 years imprisonment on charges of treason. [63] There is a distinct rainy season from May to October, followed by a dry season from November to April. The new China-Laos passenger and freight railway, serviced by an Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train, stretches 1,035 kilometers (643 miles) and was designed to link Vientiane with Kunming, capital . Pha That Luang, the countrys most revered national monuments, is located in Vientiane. The capital city of Hanoi is ready to further expand friendship and cooperation activities in various fields, including those of people-elected . [9] Durante o quarto milnio a.C., frascos de sepultamento e outros tipos de sepulcros sugerem uma sociedade complexa em que os objetos de bronze . [38] France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to the protectorate of French Indochina. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. A coup d'tat in 1960 in the Lao capital, Vientiane, deepened the country's political instability. [179] Only 3.5% of women and 2.1% of men between the ages of 1549 were in a polygamous union as of 2017. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. The International Monetary Fund ranked Laos 36th out of 42 Asian countries in 2018. Laos is a landlocked country located in the Indochinese Peninsula. English, the language of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), has become increasingly studied in recent years. After the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the communist Pathet Lao came to power, ending the civil war. The restaurant serves a variety of local delicacies, such as Khao piak sen (a rice noodle soup), mok lao (an exotic coconut curry), and of course, Lao sausage. The remainder, particularly in rural areas, speak ethnic minority languages. 15. [58] Laos had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries. All newspapers are published by the government, including two foreign language papers: the English-language daily Vientiane Times and the French-language weekly Le Rnovateur. Bangkok - Hanoi - Laos by Air 9 nights from $1,615*. Evidence for modern human presence in the northern and central highlands of Indochina, that constitute the territories of the modern Laotian nation-state dates back to the Lower Paleolithic. As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. Government policies are determined by the party through the eleven-member Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and the 61-member Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. However, as of 2018, there are approximately 1.9million of Lao's population who could not access an improved water supply and 2.4million people without access to improved sanitation. Between 1995 and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access to improved sanitation in rural areas. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. [citation needed]. Laos locked down its capital and closed its international borders to most traffic Thursday after identifying a COVID-19 cluster connected to its bigger neighbor Thailand. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. A Siamese military campaign in Laos in 1876 was described by a British observer as having been "transformed into slave-hunting raids on a large scale".[37]. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . Situated on a curve of the Mekong River, Laos's Capital has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. Fa Ngum, with 10,000 Khmer troops, conquered many Lao principalities in the Mekong river basin, culminating in the capture of Vientiane. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. Lao Basics: An Introduction to the Lao Language. [43] Otherwise, according to Martin Stuart-Fox, the Lao might well have lost control over their own country. The politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2% of the population, mostly in the lowlands. In response, the United States initiated a bombing campaign against the PAVN positions, supported regular and irregular anti-communist forces in Laos, and supported Army of the Republic of Vietnam incursions into Laos. The stated policy objectives of both the Lao government and international donors remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction. [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. [127] Of the potential capacity of approximately 18,000 megawatts, around 8,000 megawatts have been committed for export to Thailand and Vietnam. Laos has nine daily newspapers, 90 magazines, 43 radio stations, and 32 TV stations operating throughout the country. [145], In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer-speaking groups, known as Lao Theung or mid-slope Laotians, predominate. [125], Laos is rich in mineral resources and imports petroleum and gas. Theravada Buddhism is a dominant influence in Lao culture. It is bordered by Myanmar (used to be known in English as "Burma") and by China to the northwest, by Vietnam to the east, by Cambodia to the south and by . [104] Later reports have contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in prison. has been the most successful club with 8 titles, the highest number of championship wins. 500 BC - The Plain of Jars, one of the most important prehistoric sites in Southeast Asia, dates from between 500 BC and 500 AD. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. It briefly gained independence in 1945 after Japanese occupation but was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949. Vientiane, Laos - Jul 29, 1998: Tuk-tuk and Patuxai Triumphal arch in Lane Xang Avenue. Recognised asylum seekers were given resettlement opportunities, while the remaining refugees were to be repatriated under guarantee of safety. [78] Of those Hmong who did return to Laos, some quickly escaped back to Thailand, describing discrimination and brutal treatment at the hands of Lao authorities. Vientiane, the capital of Laos, is the antithesis of a bustling capital like London. Laos Local Tour Company offers Laos tours, tailor made vacation packages travel services. Pathet Lao held areas used Lao as their sole language and following the end of the Vietnam War, French began its sharp decline in Laos. Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. Patuxay, Vientiane Laos, Sunrise in the morning at at Patuxai. Laos was then dependent on military and economic aid from the Soviet Union until its dissolution in 1991. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. The airport in Paske was completed in 2009 with one terminal for both international and domestic flights. Metallurgy is an important industry, and the government hopes to attract foreign investment to develop the substantial deposits of coal, gold, bauxite, tin, copper, and other valuable metals. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. The Lao government has been working with the International Rice Research Institute of the Philippines to collect seed samples of each of the thousands of rice varieties found in Laos. Laos is a Lao speaking country that does not border with any sea. The capital of Laos is Vientiane, which was founded 13th century. 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