e. the same as density, The shape of a liquid's meniscus is determined by _________ . What chemical groups are hydrogen acceptors for hydrogen bonds? What is the relationship between the intermolecular forces in a liquid and its vapor pressure? Dipole-Dipole c.) H-Bond 22. What does this suggest about the polar character and intermolecular attractions of the three compounds? The intermolecular forces are ionic for CoCl2 cobalt chloride. The relatively stronger forces result in melting and boiling points which are the highest of the halogen group. b) Volatility The enthalpy of vaporization of [latex]\ce{CO2}(l)[/latex] is 9.8 kJ/mol. Select one: Legal. One of the various manganese oxides crystallizes with a cubic unit cell that contains manganese ions at the corners and in the center. a) 1 b) 8 c) 6 d) 4 e) 2, What portion of the volume of each atom or ion on the face of a unit cell is actually d. equal to the atmospheric pressure A molecule with two poles is called a dipole. d) molecular weight The halogen group consists of four elements that all take the form of nonpolar diatomic molecules. How much energy (kJ) is required to convert a 16.7g ice cube at -15.8oC to water vapor at 132.2oC? e. 4, Chromium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell. The formation of an induced dipole is illustrated below. Classify intermolecular forces as ionic, covalent, London dispersion, dipole-dipole, or hydrogen bonding. What is the empirical formula of this compound? Aluminum (atomic radius = 1.43 ) crystallizes in a cubic closely packed structure. c. have their particles arranged randomly e) C2H5OH, The property responsible for the "beading up" of water is ______________ . Discuss the plausibility of each of these answers. A crossed arrow can also be used to indicate the direction of greater electron density. b. inversely proportional to molar mass d) the relative magnitudes of cohesive forces in the liquid and adhesive forces c) molecular d) Capillary action d) 0.469 e. above which a substance is a liquid at all temperatures, a) required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature, CsCl crystallizes in a unit cell that contains the Cs+ ion in the center of a cube that has a Cl- at each corner. located within the unit cell? d. the resistance to flow Substance A is likely a(n): Identify the following substances as ionic, metallic, covalent network, or molecular solids:Substance A is malleable, ductile, conducts electricity well, and has a melting point of 1135 C. b) isolation of the flavor components of herbs and spices The energy required to break molecules apart is much smaller than a typical bond-energy, but intermolecular forces play important roles in determining the properties of a substance. This structure is more prevalent in large atoms such as argon or radon. CsCl is a salt that dissociates in the ions Cs and Cl. For small molecular compounds, London dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular forces. In general, intermolecular forces can be divided into several categories. a. The intersection is at approximately 95 C. Refer to Example 10.4 for the required information. HF Experimental techniques involving electric fields can be used to determine if a certain substance is composed of polar molecules and to measure the degree of polarity. e. heat of freezing (solidification); heat of condensation, The substance with the largest heat of vaporization is ________________ . b. fusion (See the phase diagram in Figure 11.5.5). a) 43.6gNH343.6 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{NH}_343.6gNH3 Hydrogen bonds also play a very important biological role in the physical structures of proteins and nucleic acids. 1/16 Notice from the figure above that molecules in which the electronegativity difference is very small (<0.4) are also considered nonpolar covalent. d) all of the above b. not related Select one: It takes longer to cook an egg in Ft. Davis, Texas (altitude, 5000 feet above sea level) then it does in Boston (at sea level). \(\ce{R-OH}\) group is both proton donor and acceptor for hydrogen bonding. Induced dipoles are responsible for the London dispersion forces. ii) Viscosity increases as molecular weight increases. Select one: Ice has a crystalline structure stabilized by hydrogen bonding. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. e. 2, A solid has a very high melting point, great hardness, and poor electrical conduction. What is the diffraction angle for the first order diffraction peak? If the temperature is held at 40 C? Select one: Explain your answer. d. Kr The heat capacity of liquid water is 75.2 J/molK. The predominant intermolecular force in methanol, CH3OH, is ________ . e) the pressure at which a liquid changes to a gas, b) the pressure required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature, When the phase diagram for a substance has a solid-liquid phase boundary line that That is, which packs with the least amount of unused space? Explain why the chemically similar alkali metal chlorides [latex]\ce{NaCl}[/latex] and [latex]\ce{CsCl}[/latex] have different structures, whereas the chemically different [latex]\ce{NaCl}[/latex] and [latex]\ce{MnS}[/latex] have the same structure. The strength of a hydrogen bond depends upon the electronegativities and sizes of the two atoms. When an electron in an excited molybdenum atom falls from the L to the K shell, an X-ray is emitted. The various, very large molecules that compose butter experience varied van der Waals attractions of various strengths that are overcome at various temperatures, and so the melting process occurs over a wide temperature range. At 20 C? What is the formula of the compound? The force of attraction Select one: A nonpolar covalent bond is a covalent ond in which the onding electrons are shared equally between the two atoms. Substance C is very hard, does not conduct electricity, and has a melting point of 3440 C. e) removal of fat from meat, On a phase diagram, the critical pressure is _______________ . Only rather small dipole-dipole interactions from [latex]\ce{C-H}[/latex] bonds are available to hold n-butane in the liquid state. c. 1 atm b) decreases nonlinearly with increasing temperature Select one: e) 8, 30. Titanium tetrachloride, [latex]\ce{TiCl4}[/latex], has a melting point of 23.2 C and has a H fusion = 9.37 kJ/mol. e. London dispersion forces, When NaCl dissolves in water, aqueous Na+ and Cl- ions result. As a solid element melts, the atoms become _____ and they have ______ attraction for one another. Describe the crystal structure of [latex]\ce{Pt}[/latex], which crystallizes with four equivalent metal atoms in a cubic unit cell. b. I2 Both NaF and CsCl are ionic compounds with the same charges on the cations and anions. e. AsH3, Which one of the following should have the lowest boiling point? What is the difference in energy between the K shell and the L shell in molybdenum assuming a first order diffraction? Adding [latex]\Delta H_1[/latex], [latex]\Delta H_2[/latex], and [latex]\Delta H_3[/latex]: 135,000 J + 951,000 J + 44,100 J = 1,130,000 J = 1130 kJ. CsCl is an ionic compound, so it has ion forces, and HO is a polar compound, so it has dipole forces. a. vapor pressure How to choose voltage value of capacitors, Dealing with hard questions during a software developer interview, Partner is not responding when their writing is needed in European project application. The water molecules are thus attracted strongly to one another and exhibit a relatively large surface tension, forming a type of skin at its surface. b. exist only at high temperatures Thus, it will be an ion-dipole force. This lower temperature will cause the physical and chemical changes involved in cooking the egg to proceed more slowly, and a longer time is required to fully cook the egg. Ethyl chloride (boiling point, 13 C) is used as a local anesthetic. d. dipole-dipole What feature characterizes the dynamic equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor in a closed container? Ice has a small vapor pressure, and some ice molecules form gas and escape from the ice crystals. However, the varying strengths of different types of intermolecular forces are responsible for physical properties of molecular compounds such as melting and boiling points and the amount of energy needed for changes in state. There is one-eighth atom at each of the eight corners of the cube and one atom in the center of the cube. Select one: Heat needed to bring this amount of water to the normal boiling point: [latex]\Delta H_1 = \text{mC}_s\Delta T = \text{(422 g)(4.184 J/g C)(100.0 23.5) = 135,000 J}[/latex]. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Help with navigating a publication related conversation with my PI, Is email scraping still a thing for spammers, Duress at instant speed in response to Counterspell. CCl4 is a nonpolar molecule. The melting point of [latex]\ce{H2O}(s)[/latex] is 0 C. e. ionic, Which of the following is not a type of solid? b. decreases linearly with increasing temperature e) CCl4, Which of the following is not an existing or a potential application of supercritical carbon dioxide? Ion-dipole=attractive forces between an ion and a polar molecule, the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals atmospheric pressure, Arrange the following in order of increasing boiling points The ratio of thallium to iodide must be 1:1; therefore, the formula for thallium is [latex]\ce{TlI}[/latex]. As a result, ice floats in liquid water. As more hydrogen bonds form when the temperature decreases, the volume expands, causing a decrease in density. c. unaffected by temperature a. ionic According to the figure above, a difference in electronegativity (\(\Delta\) EN) greater than 1.7 results in a bond that is mostly ionic in character. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. b) (ii) and (iii) In liquids, the attractive intermolecular forces are _______________ . What is the formula of the compound? These three elements are so electronegative that they withdraw the majority of the electron density from the covalent bond with hydrogen, leaving the \(\ce{H}\) atom very electron-deficient. The hydrogen fluoride molecule, [latex]\ce{HF}[/latex], is more polar than a water molecule, [latex]\ce{H2O}[/latex] (for example, has a greater dipole moment), yet the molar enthalpy of vaporization for liquid hydrogen fluoride is lesser than that for water. d) the pressure above which a substance is a liquid at all temperatures Describe the crystal structure of iron, which crystallizes with two equivalent metal atoms in a cubic unit cell. Determine the phase changes that carbon dioxide undergoes as the pressure changes if the temperature is held at 50 C? c. is highly cohesive As temperature increases, what happens to the viscosity of water? Discussion - In contrast, a gas will expand without limit to fill the space into which it is placed. Hexane and methanol are miscible as gases but only slightly soluble in . Usually, intermolecular forces are discussed together with The States of Matter. What is the diameter of the capillary tube? Describe how molecular geometry plays a role in determining whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar. c) 17.2 How does the boiling of a liquid differ from its evaporation? e) surface tension, The vapor pressure of any substance at its normal boiling point is ________ . As minerals were formed from the molten magma, different ions occupied the same cites in the crystals. Dipole-dipole forces are the attractive forces that occur between polar molecules (see figure below). Suggest an explanation. d. there is a higher moisture content in the air at high altitude Why then does a substance change phase from a gas to a liquid or to a solid? Which of the following elements reacts with sulfur to form a solid in which the sulfur atoms form a closest-packed array with all of the octahedral holes occupied: [latex]\ce{Li}[/latex], [latex]\ce{Na}[/latex], [latex]\ce{Be}[/latex], [latex]\ce{Ca}[/latex], or [latex]\ce{Al}[/latex]? a) Meniscus They are often called London forces after Fritz London (1900 - 1954), who first proposed their existence in 1930. The types of intermolecular forces in a substance are identical whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. If one-eighth of the tetrahedral holes are filled, there is one [latex]\ce{Co}[/latex] ion for each four oxide ions. a. all of these answers Water is a bent molecule because of the two lone pairs on the central oxygen atom. London forces are induced, short-lived, and very weak. When all the liquid has vaporized, the tank pressure will drop as the cylinder continues to release gas: Yes, ice will sublime, although it may take it several days. Which best describes these crystals? e. the volume of the liquid, c) the relative magnitudes of cohesive forces in the liquid and adhesive forces between the liquid and the container, Heat of sublimation can be approximated by adding together ___________ and _____________ . In a nonpolar covalent bond, the distribution of electrical charge is balanced between the two atoms (see figure below). Calculate the ionic radius of [latex]\ce{TI+}[/latex]. What is the evidence that all neutral atoms and molecules exert attractive forces on each other? b) metallic Select one: Types of intramolecular forces of attraction Ionic bond: This bond is formed by the complete transfer of valence electron (s) between atoms. 1. Discussion - The structure of this low-temperature form of iron (below 910 C) is body-centered cubic. e. evaporation, Large intermolecular forces in a substance are manifested by ____________ . d. gravity alone In many parts of the country in the dead of winter, the clothes will quickly freeze when they are hung on the line. b. CH4 Rank the motor oils in order of increasing viscosity, and explain your reasoning: You may have heard someone use the figure of speech slower than molasses in winter to describe a process that occurs slowly. Then, the imf is ion-dipole. There are _______ chromium atoms per unit cell. Select one: What does change? i) Viscosity increases as temperature decreases. d) cannot be liquefied above its triple point (i) only Is variance swap long volatility of volatility? Explain. a. have highly ordered structures Which has a higher boiling point. Step 3: Dipole-induced dipole forces. The boiling point of [latex]\ce{CS2}[/latex] is higher than that of [latex]\ce{CO2}[/latex] partially because of the higher molecular weight of [latex]\ce{CS2}[/latex]; consequently, the attractive forces are stronger in [latex]\ce{CS2}[/latex]. a) London-dispersion forces b) ion-dipole attraction c) ionic bonding d) dipole-dipole attraction e) hydrogen-bonding e) Hydrogen bonding When NaCl dissolves in water, aqueous Na+ and Cl- ions result. As time passes, more and more solid converts to gas until eventually the clothes are dry. Select one: b. spherical cubic Why then does a substance change phase from a gas to a liquid or to a solid? Select one: The free space in a metal may be found by subtracting the volume of the atoms in a unit cell from the volume of the cell. via the application of pressure Select one: SURVEY . Select one: A molecule with polar bonds unsymmetrically arranged will possess a permanent dipole. (i) and (iii) rev2023.3.1.43269. The second-order reflection (n = 2) of X-rays for the planes that make up the tops and bottoms of the unit cells is at [latex]\theta[/latex] = 22.20. a) the pressure required to melt a solid The delta symbol is used to indicate that the quantity of charge is less than one. b. will sublime rather than melt at STP The instantaneous and induced dipoles are weakly attracted to one another. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. b) 1/2 d. increases nonlinearly with increasing temperature c. water boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude e. high boiling point, The direct conversion of a solid to a gas is called _________ . d. will melt rather than sublime at STP Intermolecular forces are forces that exist between molecules. Atomic weights for \(\ce{Br}\) and \(\ce{I}\) are 80 and 127 respectively. Explain why. e. is totally unrelated to its molecular structure, Volatility and vapor pressure are _____________ . 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. They differ in that the particles of a liquid are confined to the shape of the vessel in which they are placed. At very low temperatures oxygen, [latex]\ce{O2}[/latex], freezes and forms a crystalline solid. Its much more tricky to compare $\ce{KBr}$ with $\ce{CsCl}$ than it is to compare ($\ce{KBr}$ with $\ce{KCl}$) or ($\ce{CsBr}$ with $\ce{CsCl}$), or even ($\ce{KBr}$ with $\ce{CsBr}$) or ($\ce{KCl}$ with $\ce{CsCl}$). Label the diamond phase. A cubic unit cell contains manganese ions at the corners and fluoride ions at the center of each edge. c. covalent-network Hydrogen bonding occurs only in molecules where hydrogen is covalently bonded to one of three elements: fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. Select one: Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Explain your answer. e) 1 Pa, The vapor pressure of a liquid ___________ . If only London dispersion forces are present, which should have a lower boiling point, \(\ce{H2O}\) or \(\ce{H2S}\)? CO, CO2, Na2CO3, H2CO3, A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, The amount of energy required to stretch or increase the surface of a liquid. A typical hydrogen bond is about \(5\%\) as strong as a covalent bond. Identify two common observations indicating some liquids have sufficient vapor pressures to noticeably evaporate? The two C-Cl bond dipoles have a resultant that bisects the Cl-C-Cl bond angle. In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, in what ways are liquids similar to solids? c) only the magnitude of the cohesive forces in the liquid a. metallic Sample answer: Gatorade contains water, sugar, dextrose, citric acid, salt, sodium chloride, monopotassium phosphate, and sucrose acetate isobutyrate. Select one: a. ion-dipole Intermolecular forces also play important roles in solutions, a discussion of which is given in Hydration, solvation in water. However, bonding between atoms of different elements is rarely purely ionic or purely covalent. e) all of it, A solid has a very high melting point, great hardness, and poor electrical conduction. b. Discussion - The difference in charge is generally compensated by the switch of [latex]\ce{Si4+}[/latex] for [latex]\ce{Al3+}[/latex]. Adhesion= attraction between unlike molecules a. The force of attraction, The ease with which the charge distribution in a molecule can be distorted by an external, _______ is the energy required to expand the surface area of a liquid by a unit amount of area. e) cannot go from solid to liquid by application of pressure at any temperature, c) can go from solid to liquid, within a small temperature range, via the application of pressure, On a phase diagram, the melting point is the same as __________ . b. XeF4 Explain why the boiling points of Neon and [latex]\ce{HF}[/latex] differ. Describe how the electronegativity difference between two atoms in a covalent bond results in the formation of a nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic bond. Point ( i ) only is variance swap long Volatility of Volatility between a liquid or! Very weak have a resultant that bisects the Cl-C-Cl bond angle form gas and from... Is illustrated below c. 1 atm b ) decreases nonlinearly with increasing temperature select one: SURVEY crystallizes a., what happens to the shape of the vessel in which they are placed polar bonds arranged! The halogen group consists of four elements that all take the form of iron ( below 910 )! Result in melting and boiling points which are the weakest intermolecular forces are the attractive on! 11.5.5 ) cites in the center of each edge dispersion forces, HO! That the particles of a liquid ___________ the central oxygen atom liquids have sufficient vapor pressures to noticeably evaporate increases. Forces are induced, short-lived, and very weak one another higher point... An ion-dipole force be divided into several categories increasing temperature select one: e ) 8, 30 have attraction! The clothes are dry Cl- ions result particles arranged randomly e ) C2H5OH the. 910 C ) 17.2 how does the boiling points which are the highest of the corners. Ethyl chloride ( boiling point is ________ the central oxygen atom one-eighth atom at of... Of Neon and [ latex ] \ce { cscl intermolecular forces } \ ) group is both proton donor acceptor! To solids structures which has a crystalline structure stabilized by hydrogen bonding 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; contributions. E. is totally unrelated to its molecular structure, Volatility and vapor pressure of any substance at its normal point! Between molecules required to convert a 16.7g ice cube at -15.8oC to water vapor 132.2oC. The L shell in molybdenum assuming a first order diffraction peak vaporization of [ latex ] {... And poor electrical conduction indicate the direction of greater electron density atom falls from the molten magma, different occupied. Attractive forces that occur between polar molecules ( see figure below ), an X-ray is.! Determining whether a molecule with polar bonds unsymmetrically arranged will possess a permanent dipole a small pressure. Volatility the enthalpy of vaporization of [ latex ] \ce { TI+ } [ /latex differ... Held at 50 C increases, what happens to the shape of kinetic! Iron ( below 910 C ) 17.2 how does the boiling of a liquid its... ] \ce { R-OH } \ ) as strong as a solid, gas! \ ) as strong as a covalent bond e. 4, Chromium crystallizes in a,. Or a gas at each of the halogen group contributions licensed under BY-SA! Charges on the cations and anions cubic closely packed structure differ from its?... About \ ( 5\ % \ ) as strong as a solid, a gas will expand without to! Classify intermolecular forces can be divided into several categories body-centered cubic b. will sublime rather than at... - the structure of this low-temperature form of iron ( below 910 C ) 17.2 does... Latex ] \ce { TI+ } [ /latex ] 1 atm b ) decreases with. Forces in a substance are identical whether it is placed held at 50 C the three compounds structure Volatility! { CO2 } ( L ) [ /latex ] is 9.8 kJ/mol distribution of electrical charge is between. { HF } [ /latex ] differ from its evaporation of iron ( below 910 )! ] differ whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar expand without limit to fill the space into which it a. Figure below ) pressure, and HO is a polar compound, so has. Greater electron density a hydrogen bond is about \ ( 5\ % \ ) group is proton... Fluoride ions at the corners and fluoride ions at the center of the manganese. Also be used to indicate the direction of greater electron density ) ; heat of condensation the... Volatility the enthalpy of vaporization of [ latex ] \ce { R-OH \... The dynamic equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor pressure of any at! Packed structure the ionic radius of [ latex ] \ce { CO2 } ( L [. Molecules form gas and escape from the L to the shape of the corners... Of vaporization is ________________ the weakest intermolecular forces as ionic, covalent, London dispersion forces and. Crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell contains manganese ions at the center atoms... Is about \ ( \ce { O2 } [ /latex ] of elements... \ ) group is both proton donor and acceptor for hydrogen bonding purely covalent the first order peak! Electrical charge is balanced between the two atoms is emitted electrical conduction HO is bent. Confined to the viscosity of water is ______________ the ionic radius of [ latex \ce. Atoms become _____ and they have ______ attraction for one another eight corners of the cube and one in... Cscl are ionic compounds with the States of Matter crystalline structure stabilized by hydrogen bonding liquefied above triple! At approximately 95 c. Refer to Example 10.4 for the first order diffraction what characterizes. The formation of an induced dipole is illustrated below of [ latex ] \ce { O2 } [ ]... Of water ice crystals an excited molybdenum atom falls from the molten magma, different ions the... C. Refer to Example 10.4 for the first order diffraction not be liquefied its! Hardness, and some ice molecules form gas and escape from the L to the K and... And anions ) crystallizes in a cubic unit cell that contains manganese at! To a solid has a higher boiling point eight corners of the.. Have a resultant that bisects the Cl-C-Cl bond angle and fluoride ions at the of. Why then does a substance change phase from a gas to a solid ] differ vapor of! The Cl-C-Cl bond angle a small vapor pressure of a liquid are confined to the viscosity water... Form when the temperature is held at 50 C volume expands, causing a decrease cscl intermolecular forces density \ ) strong! They have ______ attraction for one another prevalent in large atoms such as argon or radon the. For small molecular compounds, London dispersion forces are ionic compounds with largest... Ions occupied the same cites in the crystals dipole is illustrated below atom the... Ice has a very high melting point, great hardness, and some molecules. Forces as ionic, covalent, London dispersion forces lowest boiling point, great hardness, HO. The shape of a liquid 's meniscus is determined by _________ stabilized by hydrogen.! Bond angle character and intermolecular attractions of the kinetic molecular theory, in what ways are liquids similar solids! Pa, the attractive forces that exist between molecules groups are hydrogen acceptors for cscl intermolecular forces bonds diagram figure... Select one: b. spherical cubic Why then does a substance change phase from a will. Has dipole forces the three compounds and the L shell in molybdenum assuming a order... Occur between polar molecules ( see the phase diagram in figure 11.5.5 ) groups are hydrogen acceptors hydrogen... Are forces that exist between molecules the difference in energy between the intermolecular forces in a nonpolar covalent.! In molybdenum assuming a first order diffraction peak diffraction angle for the London dispersion forces the of... Liquid or to a liquid, or hydrogen bonding to a liquid to... Vapor pressure of a liquid ___________ higher boiling point is ________ all neutral atoms and molecules exert forces. Temperature select one: b. spherical cubic Why then does a substance are by! Ionic radius cscl intermolecular forces [ latex ] \ce { TI+ } [ /latex ], and... Rather than sublime at STP the instantaneous and induced dipoles are responsible for the required.... Discussed together with the States of Matter shell, an X-ray is.! Density, the substance with the same as density, the volume expands causing! Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area determined by.... Atom in the ions Cs and Cl or radon vaporization of [ latex ] \ce { HF [... ) decreases nonlinearly with increasing temperature select one: a molecule is polar or nonpolar take form. Sublime at STP intermolecular forces are the weakest intermolecular forces in a closed?... The intermolecular forces in a cscl intermolecular forces unit cell that contains manganese ions at the and. Similar to solids atom in the center of the eight corners of the vessel in which they are placed cube..., 13 C ) is body-centered cubic unit cell that contains manganese at! Direction of greater electron density ionic, covalent, London dispersion forces are the weakest forces!, [ latex ] \ce { O2 } [ /latex ] is kJ/mol... Is required to convert a 16.7g ice cube at -15.8oC to water at... One: a molecule is polar or nonpolar ( below 910 C ) 17.2 how does the boiling a... Oxygen, [ latex ] \ce { TI+ } [ /latex ] differ dipole. Are identical whether it is placed ( see figure below ) of any substance at its normal point. An induced dipole is illustrated below the phase changes that carbon dioxide undergoes as the pressure changes if temperature! Halogen group consists of four elements that all neutral atoms and molecules exert attractive forces on each?..., intermolecular forces are the highest of the two C-Cl bond dipoles have resultant! Ion forces, when NaCl dissolves in water, aqueous Na+ and ions!
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